Are vertical meridian effects due to audio-visual interference? A new confirmation with deaf subjects

Purpose. Specific increases of reaction times (RTs) were found in normal subjects, when endogenous spatial cues and targets were separated by the vertical visual meridian (VM) or by the vertical auditory (AM) meridian, when targets were either visual or auditory. The aim of this study was to assess if this effect could be attributed to longer RTs needed to shift activation between the hemispheres, or rather to different spatial maps underlying visual and auditory attention.

Method. We tested the VM effect in deaf subjects. If the shifting of activation from one hemisphere to the other causes the increase in RTs, then no differences between normal and sensory disabled people should take place, as the incoming perceptual information in the residual modality uses the same neural pathways while crossing the vertical meridian. Conversely, if the vertical meridian effects are related to the spatial representation systems underlying endogenous orienting mechanisms, then the lack of the auditory perceptual system in deaf people may have determined different organization processes in the brain circuits, strongly affecting the orienting mechanisms of spatial attention.

Results. Compared with a control group of hearing subjects, we found no evidence of the VM effect in deaf subjects.

Conclusions. This finding, jointly with those of a previous experiment which showed no AM effect on blind subjects (Olivetti Belardinelli & Santangelo 2005) supports the idea of different spatial maps underlying visual and auditory attention, and suggests that their co-existence may induce interference effects in space processing, giving rise to the anisotropic representation of visual and auditory spaces, observed in normal subjects.     

基于经络辨证对脑卒中恢复期软瘫的中医护理方案研究

[目的]探讨采用经络辨证中医护理方案对脑卒中恢复期软瘫病人的影响。[方法]选择符合纳入标准的脑卒中恢复期软瘫病人100例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组50例,两组给予基础药物及针刺治疗,观察组采用经络辨证中医护理方案,对照组采用常规护理方案,于治疗前、治疗4周后采用简化功能独立性评定(FIM)量表和日常生活能力(ADL)量表对两组病人的肢体运动功能和日常生活能力进行评定。[结果]治疗后观察组FIM量表评分及ADL量表评分与对照组的进行比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]采用经络辨证的中医护理方案能达到较好地恢复脑卒中恢复期软瘫病人肢体功能和生活自理能力的目的。     

络病的治法和用药特点

络脉是经络系统的一个有机组成部分,是由经脉支横别出的分支。每一络脉系统包括大络、系络、缠络、孙络、浮络等。络脉系统是沟通体内外,保障脏腑气血灌注的功能性网络,也是维持机体内稳态的重要结构,是气血津液输布的桥梁和枢纽,由各种因素而导致络脉痹阻,气血津液运行不畅的一类病变统称为络病。络病的治法主要有辛润通络法、辛温通络法、辛香通络法、清宣通络法、芳香透络法、清热通络法、祛瘀活络法、剔痰透络法、虫蚁搜络法、补气通络法、滋润通补法、温润通补法、柔肝和络法等。     

益气温经方联合新编五禽戏对绝经后骨量减低患者的临床疗效观察

目的观察益气温经方联合新编五禽戏的综合疗法对绝经后骨量减低患者的临床疗效。方法将120例绝经后骨量减低患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组60例。对照组患者予日光浴和饮食干预。治疗组患者在对照组的基础上予益气温经方联合新编五禽戏的综合疗法进行干预治疗。观察周期为12个月。观察两组患者治疗前、治疗6个月后、12个月后的腰椎骨密度(bone mineral denisty,BMD)、SF-36生活质量(SF-36 quality of life score,SF-36)评分,并统计治疗结束后两组患者骨质疏松症发生率。结果腰椎骨密度:治疗前,两组患者腰椎骨密度之间差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组患者腰椎骨密度逐渐升高,对照组患者腰椎骨密度呈下降趋势,治疗组与对照组患者治疗6个月后及治疗12个月后,两组腰椎骨密度值之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)骨质疏松发生率:治疗12个月后,治疗组有5例(10.0%)患者继发为骨质疏松症,对照组有13例(25.0%)患者继发为骨质疏松症,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)SF-36生活质量评分:治疗前2组患者生活质量评分比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗12个月后,治疗组患者的生活质量评分明显高于对照组,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论益气温经方联合新编五禽戏的综合疗法能够改善绝经后骨量减低患者生活质量,提升骨密度,降低骨质疏松的发生率,值得临床借鉴和应用。     

齐刺滞针经筋疗法治疗颈型颈椎病的临床观察

【目的】观察齐刺滞针经筋疗法治疗颈型颈椎病的临床疗效。【方法】将60例颈型颈椎病患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组各30例,治疗组给予齐刺滞针经筋疗法治疗,对照组给予针刺治疗。治疗10次为1个疗程。治疗1个疗程后,评价2组患者的临床疗效,观察2组患者治疗前后视觉模拟评分量表(VAS)评分的变化情况,比较颈椎功能障碍指数调查问卷(NDI)评分的变化情况。【结果】(1)治疗组总有效率为96.67%(29/30),对照组为86.67%(26/30)。治疗组疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)治疗后,2组患者的VAS评分均明显改善(P<0.05),且治疗组在改善VAS评分方面明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者VAS评分治疗前后差值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(3)治疗后,2组患者的NDI评分均明显改善(P<0.01),且治疗组在改善NDI评分均方面明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者NDI评分治疗前后差值比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。【结论】齐刺滞针经筋疗法治疗颈型颈椎病,能明显改善患者的颈椎功能,缓解患者的疼痛症状,疗效显著。     

基于辨经论治探析脾经在中风后吞咽障碍的应用

程红亮教授创新性提出“咽为经脉之所聚”,并指出“辨经论治中风后吞咽障碍应根据经脉病候特点辨经取穴”,初步确立了“以项部取穴 + 舌咽部取穴 + 辨经取穴”的治疗思路。谨守“经络气血失调”之病机,以脾经为责,谨遵“巧取经穴、辨证施治”之法,调和气血,谨遵“以原为本,通经理脾”“以络为要,通达脾胃”“以会为主,调经濡咽”“虚实异治,针灸辨施”“实者,针刺以泻之,虚者,针灸以补之”之法,以此提高临床疗效。本文总结了程红亮教授基于辨经论治理论从脾诊疗中风后吞咽障碍的经验。     

Distribution of interstitial fluid pressure and fluid volumes in hind‐limb skin of rats: relation to meridians?

To determine the distribution of interstitial fluid pressure (P_i) and volume (V_i), and to relate the distribution of these parameters to the distribution of potential meridians located by measurement of electrical impedance, we measured P_i, extracellular fluid (V_e) and plasma volumes (V_p) in 14 pre‐defined skin areas, 2 × 2 mm, and in concave and convex regions on the hind‐limb and groin of rats in control conditions. P_i was measured with sharpened glass capillaries connected to a servo‐controlled counter‐pressure system, while V_e and V_p were determined as the extravascular distribution spaces of ⁵¹Cr‐EDTA and ¹²⁵I‐human serum albumin, respectively. V_i was calculated as V_e – V_p, and V_w as the difference between skin wet and dry weight. Grand mean P_i averaged –0·81 mmHg (SD 0·83, n=95). P_i in skin was significantly higher in lateral and medial parts of the medial aspect of hind‐limb compared to pressures in the intermediate area (P<0·05). Pressures in the concave groin and the convex knee area were more negative and positive, respectively, than in the flat intermediate central hind‐limb area. There was a significantly higher V_i (P<0·05) and V_w (P<0·05) in the lateral side than that in the medial side. V_p was higher medially and laterally than in the intermediate area (P<0·05 for both comparisons), and correlated positively and significantly with P_i (r=0·66, P<0·05). No correlation was found between P_i and electrical impedance. The study suggests that the distribution of P_i, V_i, V_p and V_w is heterogeneous in hind‐limb skin at a macroscopic level without obvious relations to potential meridians.     

改良312经络锻炼法对原发性痛经的疗效观察

目的:观察改良312经络锻炼法对女大学生原发性痛经的疗效。方法:将218名原发性痛经的女大学生按痛经程度随机分为观察组(110名)和对照组(108名)。观察组女大学生进行改良312经络锻炼,对照组女大学生进行健身走练习,两组练习时间均为3个月经周期。观察两组痛经症状评分及预后。结果:随干预时间延长,两组痛经症状评分均逐渐下降。干预后观察组痛经症状评分在3个月经周期与干预前比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),在第3个月经周期与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经3个月经周期的干预后,观察组轻、中、重度患者的痊愈率分别达94.4%、66.7%和35.3%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组重度痛经患者总有效率为82.4%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:改良312经络锻炼法对原发性痛经的疗效较健身走锻炼效果更佳,值得推广。     

经络是生命信息能量的谐振通道———经络本质初探

经络是生命信息能量谐振通道,只要介质的谐振频率相同,都可让此频率的信息能量通过,而不需要有形通道,这就是解剖学上找不到经络的原因.用检测能量的仪器如热像仪等可测量经络中的能量及其变化情况并显示经络.生命信息能量的载体是远红外电磁波,显示远红外电磁波的通行传导情况,就会找到生命信息能量的通道(经络).为显示经络的存在及功能,用正电子断层扫描(positionemissiontomography,PET)从分子水平显示针灸前后经络及脏腑中生物分子的代谢、受体及神经介质活动的情况,用单光子扫描仪(single-photonemissioncomputedtomography,SPECT)观察针灸前后脏腑、经络中血流的相互影响及变化.活着的人有生命信息,有经络现象;死亡的人没有生命信息,因此没有经络.